Are Teeth Bones?

This article is a part of our Q&A series in which we give detailed answers to our readers' questions. Have a question? Don't hesitate and send it to us to get a detailed answer!

A common question that often comes up when discussing dental health and anatomy is, “Are teeth bones?” While teeth and bones share some similarities, they are, in fact, different structures. Here’s a short guide to understanding the similarities and differences between teeth and bones.

Basic Structure

Teeth

Teeth are composed of several layers:

• Enamel: The outermost layer, enamel is the hardest substance in the human body and primarily consists of hydroxyapatite, a crystalline calcium phosphate.
• Dentin: Beneath the enamel is dentin, which is not as hard as enamel but still tougher than bone. Dentin is made up of mineralized connective tissue and forms the bulk of a tooth.
• Pulp: The innermost portion of the tooth contains the pulp, which is made up of nerves, blood vessels, and connective tissue. This part of the tooth is responsible for its vitality.
• Cementum: This covers the root of the tooth and helps attach the tooth to the jawbone through the periodontal ligament.

Bones

Bones, on the other hand, are composed of:

• Compact Bone: The outer layer of bones which is smooth and dense.
• Spongy Bone: Beneath the compact bone, it has a more porous texture which helps in making bones lighter and provides space for marrow.
• Bone Marrow: The soft tissue inside bones that produces blood cells.
• Periosteum: A membrane that surrounds the bone, containing nerves and blood vessels that nourish the bone.

Similarities Between Teeth and Bones

• Both are hard structures within the body
• Both are primarily composed of calcium and phosphate
• Both can be subject to degenerative diseases (like osteoporosis for bones, and cavities or dental caries for teeth) if not cared for properly

Differences Between Teeth and Bones

• Regeneration: Bones have the ability to heal themselves and can regenerate. If a bone fractures, it can heal without leaving a permanent defect. Teeth, however, do not regenerate. Once a tooth is damaged by decay or a physical injury, it needs to be repaired by a dentist.
• Composition: As mentioned earlier, the enamel in teeth is composed of hydroxyapatite which makes it harder than bones. Bones, however, contain collagen which gives them a bit of flexibility.
• Function: Bones provide structural support for the body, protect vital organs, and assist in movement. Teeth are used for biting, tearing, and chewing food.
• Sensitivity: Teeth contain nerves only in the innermost layer (pulp), making them sensitive to certain stimuli like temperature or pressure. Bones contain nerves in the periosteum.
• Blood Supply: Bones have their blood supply, while teeth do not have a direct blood supply; the pulp has blood vessels, but the tooth itself does not.

Bottom Line

While teeth and bones share some similarities in their composition, they are distinct structures with different functions, compositions, and properties. Teeth are specialized structures designed for breaking down food, while bones form the skeleton that supports and protects the body. Additionally, unlike bones, teeth cannot regenerate or heal themselves once damaged. Understanding these differences is vital for maintaining good oral and overall health.

This Q&A series article is complete and was published on July 18, 2023, and last updated on July 18, 2023.